Veterinary Lyme Disease Vaccines Industry Research Report 2025

According to APO Research, the global veterinary Lyme vaccines market reached USD 147.1 million in 2024 on 6.42 million doses and is projected to reach USD 210.6 million by 2031 on 8.42 million doses (2025–2031 CAGR 5.6%, volume-led with moderating ASPs). North America supplied 88.2% of 2024 revenue and remains the growth anchor to USD 188.7 million by 2031, while Europe advances to USD 20.4 million. Recombinant subunits increase their revenue mix from 54.5% to 57.8% by 2031 as practices standardize clear claims and annual revaccination; bacterins persist in price-sensitive channels. Vendor concentration remains high: Zoetis + Boehringer Ingelheim + Elanco ≈ 83.5% of revenue in 2024, followed by Merck Animal Health and Bioveta.

Veterinary Lyme disease vaccines are companion-animal biologics used to reduce the probability and magnitude of infection with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato after exposure to competent Ixodes ticks. Clinical use is functionally canine; feline products exist only at marginal scale. Vaccination is risk-based and paired with acaricides and environmental tick management. Lyme-borreliae are host-adapted spirochetes maintained in enzootic cycles linking small mammals and certain birds with hard ticks; larvae and nymphs acquire organisms during a blood meal, retain them transstadially, and transmit during subsequent feedings. Upon tick attachment, vector-adapted gene programs down-shift while mammalian-phase genes up-regulate to enable migration from the midgut to salivary glands. Geographies mirror vector belts: I. scapularis (Northeast/Upper Midwest US), I. pacificus (US West Coast), I. ricinus (Europe), and I. persulcatus (northern Eurasia). North American canine disease is dominated by B. burgdorferi sensu stricto; B. garinii and B. afzelii contribute in Europe and the UK.

From a market and regulatory standpoint, only North America and Europe provide contiguous Ixodes ranges, clear biologics pathways, and stable clinical demand—conditions required for licensed products and defensible sizing. Accordingly, this report quantifies these two regions and treats Asia, South America, and Africa qualitatively to avoid over-extrapolating from heterogeneous, low-signal data.

Market size and drivers. The global Veterinary Lyme Disease Vaccines market was USD147.12 million in 2024, rising from USD116.65 million in 2020 (CAGR 5.97%). It is projected to reach USD210.61 million by 2031 (2025–2031 CAGR 5.57%), driven by volume growth (global doses 6.42→8.42 million, 2020→2031; 2025–2031 CAGR 3.79%) while price growth moderates (ASP USD22.92/dose in 2024 easing to USD22.60 in 2025, then trending toward USD25.02 by 2031). Mix shift favors recombinant subunit vaccines, which accounted for USD80.24 million (54.5%) of 2024 revenue and are expected to reach USD121.71 million (57.8%) by 2031; bacterins remain relevant in price-sensitive channels.

Regional structure. North America represented USD129.68 million (88.15%) in 2024 and is forecast to USD188.72 million by 2031 (CAGR 5.83%), sustained by high I. scapularis/pacificus prevalence, established canine vaccination norms, and specialty distribution. Europe was USD16.35 million (11.11%) in 2024, projected to USD20.39 million by 2031 (CAGR 3.34%); demand is concentrated in Poland, Germany, France, Sweden, Finland, the UK, and Romania, consistent with I. ricinus/persulcatus belts.

Competitor landscape. Based on 2024 reported volumes and realized ASPs, the leading manufacturers are Zoetis (USD50.32m), Boehringer Ingelheim (USD46.02m), Elanco (USD26.44m), Merck Animal Health (USD20.95m), and Bioveta (USD3.39m). The top three account for ~83.5% of global revenue, reflecting scale advantages in R&D, licensure, and North American commercial reach.

Figures reflect bottom-up reconciliation of company-level doses and net pricing to regional totals; feline usage is retained in totals but remains de minimis. The 2025 ASP dip is attributed to contract resets and channel mix (bacterin share/chain discounting), not to structural price erosion.

Veterinary Lyme disease vaccines are companion-animal biologics designed to reduce the probability and magnitude of infection with Borreliella (Borrelia) burgdorferi sensu lato after exposure to competent Ixodes ticks. The commercial and clinical category is functionally canine; a limited feline line exists in parts of Europe, and there are no licensed equine or food-animal products. Use is risk-based rather than core and is paired with acaricides and environmental tick management. The etiologic agents are host-adapted spirochetes maintained in an enzootic cycle linking small mammals and certain birds with hard ticks. Larval and nymphal Ixodes acquire organisms during a blood meal, retain them transstadially, and transmit during subsequent feeding. Within unfed ticks, spirochetes occupy a vector-adapted state; attachment and feeding trigger a transcriptional switch toward mammalian-phase biology, down-regulating vector-phase genes and up-regulating mammalian-phase genes as organisms exit the midgut for the salivary glands. Geographically, veterinary and human hotspots mirror vector ranges: I. scapularis in the northeastern and upper midwestern United States with a coastal Pacific belt under I. pacificus; I. ricinus across temperate Europe; and I. persulcatus across northern Eurasia. North American canine disease is dominated by B. burgdorferi sensu stricto, whereas B. garinii and B. afzelii contribute materially in Europe and the UK; stable natural foci also occur across parts of northeastern Asia.

Two vaccine platforms encompass licensed products and map onto distinct biological bottlenecks. Bacterins are inactivated whole-cell preparations that present broad antigenic repertoires; in commerce they are typically bivalent by strain in North America and trivalent in Europe to align with regional sensu lato diversity. Recombinant protein subunits are defined-composition formulations built around outer-surface lipoproteins with established protective correlates. One branch uses lipidated outer surface protein A (OspA) as a single antigen; the other pairs OspA with an engineered OspC chimeric epitope protein (“chimeritope”) that concatenates linear epitopes from multiple OspC types to extend breadth. Mechanistically, anti-OspA antibodies act mainly within the feeding tick midgut, binding OspA on vector-phase organisms and impeding survival and transmission, whereas anti-OspC antibodies act in the early mammalian window at the bite site and draining tissues, promoting neutralization and opsonophagocytic clearance before hematogenous dissemination. The responses are temporally complementary and address distinct transmission bottlenecks.

Antigen-level detail underpins both design and diagnostics. OspA is a lipidated outer-membrane lipoprotein abundantly expressed by unfed tick-phase organisms; protective B-cell epitopes cluster toward the C-terminal domain, the locus of canonical neutralizing monoclonals, and OspA is down-regulated during feeding and host entry, which explains its principal value at the vector interface and its pairing with mammalian-phase antigens in some subunits. OspC is a smaller, dimeric lipoprotein whose transcription is strongly induced during tick feeding and the first days of mammalian infection; it contributes to early tissue invasion and complement interactions and is a dominant target of early humoral responses. OspC is highly polymorphic and partitioned into dozens of phylogenetic types maintained by recombination and frequency-dependent selection; antibody responses are largely type-specific and cross-protection is limited. Chimeritope designs address this constraint by assembling immunodominant linear segments—classically from the variable L5 and H5 regions—drawn from representative OspC types into a single recombinant antigen capable of broad binding across OspC diversity. In genomic context, OspA is encoded on lp54, OspC on cp26, and the vls cassette system on lp28-1 underpins antigenic variation during persistence; this plasmid architecture explains phase-specific expression and immune evasion. Serology follows from these rules: antibodies to the VlsE-derived C6 peptide track natural infection and are not induced by OspA-only vaccination, whereas bacterins and OspC-containing subunits broaden antibody profiles and require assay selection and clinical correlation to distinguish vaccine responses from infection.

Historically, the category progressed from whole-cell to defined-antigen formulations. Early licensed canine products in the 1990s were formalin-inactivated cell-lysate bacterins (e.g., LymeVax and Galaxy Lyme). The next phase introduced recombinant OspA subunits to avoid nonessential antigens and focus on vector-phase blockade. From the mid-2010s, OspA plus OspC chimeritope formulations appeared, targeting both the tick midgut and the early mammalian phase while addressing OspC's strong polymorphism. This trajectory reflects a shift from breadth via whole-cell antigen overload to breadth-with-specificity via defined antigens, with corresponding gains in compositional clarity and mechanistic alignment to transmission biology.

The global burden aligns with vector ecology and surveillance intensity. In the United States, highest veterinary and human risk occurs from the mid-Atlantic through New England and the upper Midwest, with additional foci on the Pacific coast; in Canada, risk concentrates in southern Ontario, Québec, the Maritimes, and expanding prairie and coastal belts. In Europe, risk spans the UK and Ireland, the Benelux and Alpine corridors, Germany and Poland, the Baltics and Scandinavia, and northern Mediterranean foothills where I. ricinus is established. Across northern Eurasia, I. persulcatus supports foci from northeastern Europe through western Russia into Siberia and parts of the Far East. Outside North America and Europe many jurisdictions do not license canine Lyme vaccines and rely on acaricides and exposure management.

Current products in commerce resolve to a short, well-defined list whose differences are meaningful at the level of antigen strategy, breadth, and evidentiary posture rather than dose logistics. VANGUARD® crLyme is an OspA plus OspC chimeritope subunit; the OspC component presents a panel of linear epitopes drawn from diverse OspC types, aiming to maintain binding breadth across local OspC ecologies while pairing vector-phase interception with early mammalian-phase neutralization. This defined-composition approach yields strong titers to both components, challenge-model protection across infection and histopathology endpoints, and an extended duration-of-immunity label in its home market; trade-offs include broader serologic footprints that can complicate interpretation on certain assays and a dependence on epitope selection relative to regional OspC phylogeny.

RECOMBITEK® Lyme (rLyme) is a non-adjuvanted, lipidated OspA subunit that emphasizes a tight antigen profile and a vector-interface mechanism; benefits include minimal extraneous proteins and preserved interpretability of C6-based diagnostics, while constraints center on the absence of an explicit OspC component, making timely transmission interception and booster maintenance central to performance. Nobivac® Lyme is a bivalent bacterin built around two B. burgdorferi sensu stricto strains selected to emphasize OspA and OspC expression characteristics; it delivers broad borreliacidal responses with long field experience and a 12-month duration label in its home market, balanced against the inherent complexity of whole-cell formulations and limited public standardization of OspC expression in production cultures. Duramune® Lyme and Ultra Duramune® Lyme—and their successor branding TruCan™ Lyme and TruCan™ Ultra Lyme—are bivalent bacterins positioned for breadth and for integration into combination presentations with Leptospira or broader canine cores; strengths include robust whole-cell immunogenic breadth and portfolio flexibility, while constraints mirror the bacterin class: extraneous-antigen overhead, culture-stage expression variability, and the fact that reduced fill volume by itself does not evidence superior protection. In Europe and the UK, Borrelym 3 and Merilym 3 are trivalent bacterins that include B. afzelii, B. garinii, and B. burgdorferi sensu stricto to match regional sensu lato diversity; they are well aligned to I. ricinus regions but, as whole-cell products, share the class’s compositional constraints and have limited public species-specific protection data versus each included sensu lato species. Within the same manufacturer’s portfolio, Biocan B is a canine bacterin used where national registrations permit, and Biofel B is a niche feline bacterin available in limited jurisdictions; both follow the bacterin paradigm with corresponding advantages in breadth and constraints in specificity and transparency.

Taken together, veterinary Lyme disease vaccines are best understood as a small, mechanism-anchored category defined by two platforms, two principal antigens with distinct temporal loci of action, and a finite set of market models whose antigen strategies map directly onto transmission biology. Bacterins trade compositional complexity for breadth; OspA subunits trade breadth for precision at the vector interface; OspA plus OspC chimeritopes aim to recapture breadth with defined antigens by spanning vector and early mammalian phases. Regional epidemiology and OspC phylogeny shape optimal fit, diagnostics must be interpreted with platform awareness, and program value is maximized when vaccination is integrated with acaricides and exposure management in dogs genuinely at risk.

Report Scope (at a glance)

Licensed companion-animal Lyme vaccines only: canine and feline where approved; recombinant-subunit (incl. OspA±chimeric OspC) and inactivated bacterins. Excludes stock immunotherapies, tick preventives, and non-vaccine products. Market size = ex-manufacturer net sales: volume (k doses) and revenue (USDmn), nominal USD. History 2020–2024; base 2025; forecast 2026–2031. Segmentation by Type, Company (Zoetis, Boehringer Ingelheim, Elanco, Merck Animal Health, Bioveta; “Others”), and Region/Country (US, Canada; Germany, France, UK/GB+NI, Sweden, Finland, Poland, Denmark, Romania, Rest of Europe; Rest of World where lawfully supplied). Inclusion requires lawful access and measurable volume. Estimates triangulate regulator files, company disclosures, structured interviews, and epidemiology anchors.

Zoetis

Boehringer Ingelheim

Elanco

Merck Animal Health

Bioveta

Recombinant Subunit Vaccines

Bacterin Vaccines

Canine

Feline

North America

United States

Canada

Europe

Germany

Poland

France

Sweden

Finland

United Kingdom (GB/NI)

Romania

Denmark

Rest of Europe

Category growth is demand-led by Ixodes epidemiology, seasonality, and licensure—not channel mechanics—so administered doses track where dogs meet infected ticks and how well clinics complete priming and boosters. North America’s Northeast/Upper Midwest cohorts underpin the economics (≈88.15% of 2024 revenue on ~77% of doses at structurally higher achieved prices), while Europe adds patchy, lower-priced units under bacterin-led authorizations. From 2020 to 2024, value rose from USD116.65M to USD147.12M on price realization (global ASP from USD19.93 to USD22.92) amid flat 2022–2024 volumes; the 2025–2031 outlook pivots to unit-led growth as practices raise series completion within the same Q2–Q3 seasonal gate, taking total administrations from 6.417M in 2024 to 8.417M in 2031 (≈3.79% CAGR) and value to USD210.61M, with price drifting ~1.71% as recombinant subunits expand from 2.995M doses in 2024 to ~4.527M by 2031. Execution beats discounting: maintain uninterrupted legal access, stage inventory into endemic belts ahead of season, align antigen design and evidence with local serotypes, and drive adherence through nurse-led workflows, recalls, and one-touch wellness bundling. Key sensitivities remain tick-season length/intensity, authorization scopes (age, intervals, DoI), supply reliability through the seasonal window, and local risk salience; challenges include spatial heterogeneity, substitution by modern preventives without clear additive messaging, and Europe’s regulatory fragmentation. Sponsors that pair resilient supply with precise geotargeting, stable protocols, and mix discipline capture the modeled value step-up while preserving price integrity.

Reasons to do this study

This study is undertaken to (i) quantify North America and Europe, the only regions with contiguous Ixodes belts and stable regulatory pathways; (ii) explain the 2025 ASP dip as a function of contract resets and channel mix rather than structural erosion; (iii) forecast doses, ASP, and revenue through 2031 by type (recombinant vs bacterin), application (canine, feline—de minimis), and country, anchored to licensed-product availability and practice norms; and (iv) assess competitive positioning and route-to-market implications in a high-concentration industry.

The intended readers are manufacturers (portfolio strategy, capacity and pricing posture), distributors and corporate clinic chains (inventory and contracting), and investors (exposure, sensitivity to mix/price). By stating scope limits (NA/EU quantified; other regions treated qualitatively), methods (company-level dose × realized price reconciliation), and decision questions up front, this report provides an auditable basis for planning rather than a generic market review.

Chapter 1: Research objectives, research methods, data sources, and data cross-validation.

Chapter 2 introduces the report's scope and provides an executive summary of different market segments (by region, product type, application, etc.), including the market size of each segment, future development potential, and so on. It offers a high-level view of the market's current state and likely evolution in the short, mid, and long term.

Chapter 3: Detailed analysis of Veterinary Lyme Disease Vaccines manufacturers’ competitive landscape, price, sales, revenue market share, latest development plan, merger and acquisition information, etc.

Chapter 4 provides profiles of key players and details the leading companies' basic situation, including product sales, revenue, price, gross margin, product introduction, recent developments, etc.

Chapter 5: Sales and revenue of Veterinary Lyme Disease Vaccines at regional and country levels. It quantitatively analyzes each region's market size, development potential, and leading countries. It introduces each country's market development, prospects, market space, and size.

Chapter 6: Provides an analysis of various market segments by Type, covering each segment's size and development potential to help readers find the blue ocean market in different segments.

Chapter 7: Provides the analysis of various market segments by Application, covering each market segment's market size and development potential to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.

Chapter 8: Analysis of the industrial chain, including the upstream and downstream of the industry.

Chapter 9 introduces the market dynamics, latest developments, driving and restrictive factors, challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and analysis of relevant policies in the industry.

Chapter 10: The main points and conclusions of the report.